Halgerda sp. 7

Image courtesy of Terry Gosliner
Anilao, Batangas, Philippines
Photographed with a Canon 60D and 100mm macro lens

Photo courtesy of California Academy of Sciences

Halgerda sp. 7 (Undescribed)

Exploring the reefs of the Philippines for 24 years has been a rich and rewarding experience. While the team of folks working there has explored widely and conducted surveys all around the Philippines, we keep returning to the Verde Island Passage (VIP), the narrow strait that separates southern Luzon Island from northern Mindoro . People keep asking, why do you keep going there? Haven't you found everything by now? The answer is simple. Almost every time we go in the water there, we see something new. We have now found more than 1000 species of nudibranchs and their relatives and 54% of these represent new species, not previously documented by scientists anywhere. These remarkable discoveries of new fishes, sponges, corals, barnacles, sand dollars and yes, slugs have enabled us to obtain three years of funding from the U. S. National Science Foundation to concentrate on the unique marine life of the VIP. After year three, we have found an additional 300 new species of marine life, including more than 120 additional new slugs.

A case in point is the genus, Halgerda, a group of dorid nudibranchs restricted to the warm waters of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Up until 1996, when Shireen Fahey and I began studying Halgerda, there were only 16 species known from around the Indo-Pacific. Together with the work done by Clay Carlson and Patty Jo Hoff, there are now 34 named species of Halgerda. In our book, Nudibranchs and Sea Slugs of the Indo-Pacific, published just last year, Angel, Dave and I illustrated 37 species of the genus, including 11 recently discovered species that are still un-named. A couple of the new species are things that we found on our 2014 expedition to the VIP.

No sooner had the book gone off to printer our 2015 expedition turned up another 4 new species? How is this possible? Part of the reason is that we are getting better at finding things. We are also exploring new microhabitats and the work that we undertook based at Atlantis Resort in Puerto Galera allowed members of our research team use mixed gas rebreather technology to make several dives within the twilight zone between 100-150 meters (300-500 ft.). This kind of work is not for the faint-hearted. The price you pay for spending 15 minutes of exploration at that depth is a slow five to six hour ascent to decompress from the gas accumulation you acquire at great depth.

This week's branch of the week includes one of these deep-water species that first starts appearing at about 100 meters. It is the species listed as Halgerda sp. 7 in our book. It is large (up to 80 mm) and conspicuous and is hard to miss. Once you descend to this depth most of the bright colors disappear from nudibranchs, but conspicuous patterns of contrasting white body color and brown or black lines and spots make them easy to see underwater. The California Academy of Sciences' exploration of the twilight zone has allowed us to bring live of new species from the Philippines and launch a new exhibit on these deep mesophotic reefs. And while you won't see any of the new nudibranchs in the exhibit, you will be able to see new octcocorals, two new species of butterfly fish and many other species that have not been displayed in public aquariums. My favorite of the display are the many-colored benthic comb jellies that filer feed on the bottom. They are amazing, improbable species that blow people away (see image upper left). For more information on the exhibit go to: California Academy of Sciences

Dr. Terry Gosliner
California Academy of Sciences
Oct., 2016
Send Terry email at tgosliner@calacademy.org


From left to right, Terry Gosliner, Angel Valdes, Dave Behrens La Jolla, Calif.

Send Dave email at davidwbehrens@gmail.com
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